God’s Law Explained: 10 Commandments vs. Sermon on the Mount


Two of the Greatest examples of God’s Law are presented in the Old Testament and the New Testament of the Bible.

I would highly recommend you read the book of Exodus Chapters 19-20. It truly helps you understand what God was intending with his 10 commandments. The 10 Commandments delivered;

  • Primarily outward behavior and actions.
  • Concerned with justice, social order, and covenant obedience.
  • Rooted in fear of God’s judgment and a sense of duty.

I also highly recommend you read the book of Matthew Chapters 5-7, Jesus delivered the Sermon on the Mount which expands on his Fathers 10 commandments;

  • Primarily inward transformation and motivations.
  • Focuses on grace, mercy, and God’s Kingdom
  • Rooted in love and promise of heavenly rewards
  • 10 Commandments: Old Testament Exodus 20:1-17
    • Delivered by God to Moses on Mount Sinai as part of the Mosaic Covenant.
    • A foundational legal and moral code for the Israelites.
    • Written on stone tablets, signifying permanence and authority.
  • Sermon on the Mount: New Testament Matthew 5-7
    • Delivered by Jesus to a crowd on a hillside in Galilee.
    • Expands and deepens the understanding of the moral and spiritual life.
    • Focused on inner transformation rather than external law.

The below table reflects God’s 10 commandments and his son Jesus Equivalent statements expounding on his Fathers Words.

10 Commandments (Exodus 20:1–17)Sermon on the Mount Equivalent (Matthew 5–7)
1. You shall have no other gods before Me.“Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.” (Matthew 5:8)
2. You shall not make for yourself a carved image…nor bow down to them.“You cannot serve both God and money.” (Matthew 6:24)
3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.“Do not swear at all…let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’” (Matthew 5:34–37)
4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.“The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.” (Mark 2:27; ties indirectly)
5. Honor your father and your mother.“Whoever does these commands and teaches them will be called great in heaven.” (Matthew 5:19; implied respect for structure)
6. You shall not murder.“Anyone who is angry with a brother or sister will be subject to judgment.” (Matthew 5:22)
7. You shall not commit adultery.“Anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery.” (Matthew 5:28)
8. You shall not steal.“Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth.” (Matthew 6:19)
9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.“Do not judge, or you too will be judged.” (Matthew 7:1)
10. You shall not covet…anything that is your neighbor’s.“Do not worry about your life…Seek first his kingdom and righteousness.” (Matthew 6:25, 33)

Conclusion

It is imperative that we understand that both God and Jesus delivered the Word, the Law, the Covenant, the Precepts at different times in our history.

But make no mistake, these are God’s law and the very definition of sin. Any sin against the Word is a sin against God and Jesus.

When Jesus was sent to earth, he taught us how we could be forgiven for these sins.

Jesus would often state to sinners: “Repent of your sins, and sin no more.”

Jesus death on the cross gave us a chance to repent for our sins. Repenting for our sins means we are asking Jesus for mercy and forgiveness. We are also committing to God that we will not repeat the sin or any sin against God’s law.

Commit to Jesus today. Repent for your sins. Start reading the Bible daily. Start praying daily. Start a relationship today with Jesus.

What is the most important Commandment?

Matthew 22:34-37

Jesus was asked by a member of the Pharisees; “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the law?”

Jesus replied: “Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it. Love your neighbor as yourself. All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”